1 00:02:17,709 --> 00:02:19,599 >> WALKING THROUGH THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER. 2 00:02:19,599 --> 00:02:25,159 I AM THE PRESIDENT OF THE ASTRONAUT'S MEMORIAL FOUNDATION. 3 00:02:25,159 --> 00:02:28,810 TODAY IS NASA'S DAY OF REMEMBRANCE, WHERE WE ALL ACROSS 4 00:02:28,810 --> 00:02:33,209 THE COUNTRY PAUSE AND REMEMBER THOSE ASTRONAUTS WHO PAID THE 5 00:02:33,209 --> 00:02:36,709 ULTIMATE SACRIFICE FOR OUR COUNTRY. 6 00:02:36,709 --> 00:02:40,180 BUT WE DO MORE THAN THAT ON THIS DAY. 7 00:02:40,180 --> 00:02:44,230 WE DO MORE BY REMEMBERING THOSE AND RENEWING OUR SPIRIT, 8 00:02:44,230 --> 00:02:49,090 RENEWING OUR COMMITMENT TO HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT SO THEIR LOSS IS 9 00:02:49,090 --> 00:02:51,449 NOT IN VAIN. >> THAT IS THE ULTIMATE WAY THAT 10 00:02:51,449 --> 00:02:56,680 WE HONOR THOSE GREAT AMERICANS. AS WE BEEN OUR CEREMONY, PLEASE 11 00:02:56,680 --> 00:03:00,280 RISE FOR THE PRESENTATION OF THE COLORS BY THE VIERA HIGH SCHOOL 12 00:03:00,280 --> 00:03:05,379 JUNIOR ARMY ROTC FOLLOWED BY THE NATIONAL ANTHEM AND FOLLOWED BY 13 00:03:05,379 --> 00:03:12,290 THE DELAURA VOCAL SCHOOL ENSEMBLE. 14 00:03:12,290 --> 00:04:09,060 \M O SAY CAN YOU SEE \M \M BY THE DAWN'S EARLY LIGHT \M 15 00:04:09,060 --> 00:04:14,510 \M WHAT SO PROUDLY WE HAILED \M \M AT THE TWILIGHTS LAST GLEAMING 16 00:04:14,510 --> 00:04:20,219 \M \M THROUGH THE BRIGHT STARS \M 17 00:04:20,219 --> 00:04:26,860 \M FOR THE PERILOUS FIGHT \M \M O'ER THE RAMPARTS WE WATCHED \M 18 00:04:26,860 --> 00:04:33,320 \M WERE SO GALLANTLY STREAMING \M \M AND THE ROCKETS RED GLARE \M 19 00:04:33,320 --> 00:04:37,280 \M THE BOMBS BURSTING IN AIR \M \M GAVE PROOF THROUGH THE NIGHT \M 20 00:04:37,280 --> 00:04:40,460 \M THAT OUR FLAG WAS STILL THERE \M 21 00:04:40,460 --> 00:04:43,280 \M OH SAY DOES THAT STAR SPANGLE \M 22 00:04:43,280 --> 00:04:54,830 \M EVER YET WAY \M \M O'ER THE LAND OF THE FREE \M 23 00:04:54,830 --> 00:05:37,209 \M AND THE HOME OF THE BRAVE \M \M 24 00:05:37,209 --> 00:05:55,180 >> THANK YOU, PLEASE BE SEATED. FOR OUR INVITATION, I'D LIKE TO 25 00:05:55,180 --> 00:05:59,460 INTRODUCE CHARLIE DUKE. CHARLIE DUKE RETIRED BRIGADIER 26 00:05:59,460 --> 00:06:07,580 AIR FORCE, THE LUNAR PILOT FOR APOLLO 16 AND IS THE YOUNGEST 27 00:06:07,580 --> 00:06:22,110 MAN TO HAVE WALKED ON THE MOON. [ APPLAUSE ] 28 00:06:22,110 --> 00:06:26,500 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR WARM WELCOME, INTRODUCTION. 29 00:06:26,500 --> 00:06:31,610 IT'S A GREAT HONOR FOR ME TO BE HERE ON THIS DAY AND BE A PART 30 00:06:31,610 --> 00:06:37,569 OF THE REMEMBRANCE IN THE LIFE OF FRIENDS. 31 00:06:37,569 --> 00:06:42,930 SO LET US PRAY. OUR FATHER, AS WE GATHER 32 00:06:42,930 --> 00:06:46,650 TOGETHER TO PAY TRIBUTE AND REMEMBER OUR FELLOW ASTRONAUTS, 33 00:06:46,650 --> 00:06:50,580 WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES AND SERVICE TO OUR NATION AND ITS SPACE 34 00:06:50,580 --> 00:06:54,639 PROGRAM, WE ASK FOR YOUR BLESSINGS ON THIS MEMORIAL 35 00:06:54,639 --> 00:06:58,290 EVENT. SO MANY YEARS HAVE PASSED SENSE 36 00:06:58,290 --> 00:07:02,400 THEIR DEPARTURE FROM THIS EARTH. OUR SENSE OF LOSS IS NO LESS 37 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:06,509 ACCU-. BY THEIR SERVICE, DEDICATION AND 38 00:07:06,509 --> 00:07:10,569 COMMITMENT, THEY HELPED EXPAND THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE UNIVERSE 39 00:07:10,569 --> 00:07:13,460 AND HELPED PAVE THE WAY FOR OUR FUTURE MISSIONS TO FURTHER 40 00:07:13,460 --> 00:07:19,949 UNDERSTAND THIS INCREDIBLE UNIVERSE WHICH HAVE YOU CREATED. 41 00:07:19,949 --> 00:07:23,270 IN THE SCRIPTURES THE HEAVENS DECLARE THE GLORY OF GOD. 42 00:07:23,270 --> 00:07:26,729 THE SKIES PROCLAIM THE WORKS OF YOUR HANDS. 43 00:07:26,729 --> 00:07:30,460 LORD, WE ACKNOWLEDGE YOUR PRESENCE HERE TODAY AND THANK 44 00:07:30,460 --> 00:07:33,490 YOU FOR YOUR BLESSINGS UPON OUR NATION. 45 00:07:33,490 --> 00:07:38,650 MAY YOUR GRACE, LOVE AND MERCY BE UPON THE FAMILIES OF THOSE WE 46 00:07:38,650 --> 00:07:41,770 HONOR TODAY. LORD, CONTINUE TO LEAD OUR 47 00:07:41,770 --> 00:07:45,700 NATION INTO ALL RIGHTEOUSNESS AND JUSTICE AND MAY WE TRULY BE 48 00:07:45,700 --> 00:07:53,509 ONE NATION UNGOD IF JESUS' NAME I PRAY. 49 00:07:53,509 --> 00:07:59,229 AMEN. THANK YOU. 50 00:07:59,229 --> 00:08:04,970 >> THANK YOU, GENERAL DUKE. TODAY WE ARE PAYING A SPECIAL 51 00:08:04,970 --> 00:08:09,680 TRIBUTE TO THE APOLLO 1 ASTRONAUT WHO 50 YEARS AGO 52 00:08:09,680 --> 00:08:19,510 TOMORROW BID A TEST ON THE TASK. IN ADDITION TO HONORING THE 53 00:08:19,510 --> 00:08:22,279 PAST, THE ASTRONAUTS MEMORIAL FOUNDATION WORKING WITH OUR 54 00:08:22,279 --> 00:08:26,389 PARTNERS, NASA IN DELAWARE NORTH THE OPERATOR OF THE KENNEDY 55 00:08:26,389 --> 00:08:30,800 SPACE CENTER VISITOR COMPLEX, WE WORK TOGETHER TO INSPIRE FUTURE 56 00:08:30,800 --> 00:08:34,229 GENERATIONS OF SCIENTISTS, TECHNOLOGIES, ENGINEERS AND 57 00:08:34,229 --> 00:08:38,569 MATHEMATICIANS RIGHT HERE IN OUR CENTER FOR SPACE EDUCATION WHERE 58 00:08:38,569 --> 00:08:41,550 YOU ARE SITTING RIGHT NOW. WE HAVE SOME GUESTS HERE AS AN 59 00:08:41,550 --> 00:08:44,150 EXAMPLE OF MANY STUDENTS THAT COME THROUGH THE ASTRONAUT 60 00:08:44,150 --> 00:08:47,380 MEMORIAL FOUNDATION BUSINESS CENTER HERE AT KENNEDY. 61 00:08:47,380 --> 00:08:52,010 WE KNOW WHAT TRULY POWERS ROCKS, IS NOT ROCKET FUEL, IT'S BRAIN 62 00:08:52,010 --> 00:08:56,120 POWER THAT POWERS A ROCKET. SO I'D LIKE THE STUDENTS FROM 63 00:08:56,120 --> 00:09:00,190 APOLLO ELEMENTARY, THE APOLLO ELEMENTARY EAGLES AS IN THE 64 00:09:00,190 --> 00:09:09,640 EAGLE HAS LANDED, PLEASE STAND. [ APPLAUSE ] 65 00:09:09,640 --> 00:09:19,260 THERE ARE A FEW PEOPLE I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE HERE. 66 00:09:19,260 --> 00:09:22,480 OF COURSE, THERE ARE SO MANY SPECIAL REMARKABLE COMPONENTS, 67 00:09:22,480 --> 00:09:29,810 WE CAN GO WELL INTO THE WEEKEND. FIRST, I'D LIKE TO START THE 68 00:09:29,810 --> 00:09:32,980 FORMER DIRECTOR JAY HONEYCUTT AND FORMER BOARD MEMBER OF THE 69 00:09:32,980 --> 00:09:42,029 ASTRONAUT MEMORIAL FOUNDATION. [ APPLAUSE ] 70 00:09:42,029 --> 00:09:45,060 PAST CHAIRMAN OF THE ASTRONAUT MEMORIAL BOARD, FIRST OUR 71 00:09:45,060 --> 00:09:49,440 FOUNDER, ARCHITECT ALLEN TILLMAN, A FORMER ASTRONAUT JOHN 72 00:09:49,440 --> 00:09:57,069 McBRIDE AND FORMER PROPULSION ENGINEER LEE STALIN. 73 00:09:57,069 --> 00:10:06,170 [ APPLAUSE ] AND, OF COURSE, THE REMARKABLE 74 00:10:06,170 --> 00:10:09,991 HUMAN BEINGS WE HAVE HERE THAT CENTERS AROUND WHAT WE DO, OUR 75 00:10:09,991 --> 00:10:12,910 APOLLO ASTRONAUTS. I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE BUZZ 76 00:10:12,910 --> 00:10:18,139 ALDRON, MICHAEL COLLIN, CHARLIE DUKE AND CHARLES STAFFORD. 77 00:10:18,139 --> 00:10:31,380 PLEASE STAND SO WE CAN RECOGNIZE YOU. 78 00:10:31,380 --> 00:10:47,910 OUR SNOW ASTRONAUT JOHN McBRIDE, BOB CABANA, WINSTON SCOTT. 79 00:10:47,910 --> 00:10:50,120 AND FINALLY, OUR EXISTING ASTRONAUTS. 80 00:10:50,120 --> 00:10:58,530 WE HOPE THESE NUMBERS WILL GROW. REX WALHEIM, PAT FORESTER AND 81 00:10:58,530 --> 00:11:04,849 JOSH [ INAUDIBLE ] 82 00:11:04,849 --> 00:11:08,010 . [ APPLAUSE ] 83 00:11:08,010 --> 00:11:13,929 FINALLY, MOST IMPORTANTLY, I WOULD LIKE TO RECOGNIZE THE 84 00:11:13,929 --> 00:11:17,579 ASTRONAUT FAMILY MEMBERS WHO TRULY HAVE PAID THE ULTIMATE 85 00:11:17,579 --> 00:11:23,070 SACRIFICE. FIRST, I'D LIKE TO START AND I 86 00:11:23,070 --> 00:11:26,459 MIGHT SAY WE HAVE A SPECIAL PLACE IN OUR HEARTS FOR THESE 87 00:11:26,459 --> 00:11:29,740 FAMILIES AND THEY ARE VERY MUCH A PART OF OUR MISSION, HERE WITH 88 00:11:29,740 --> 00:11:33,650 THE ASTRONAUT MEMORIAL FOUNDATION, NASA, DELAWARE 89 00:11:33,650 --> 00:11:36,160 NORTH. I'LL HEART IS WITH MARTHA 90 00:11:36,160 --> 00:11:42,340 CHAFEE, WIDOW OF ASTRONAUT ROGER CHAFEE. 91 00:11:42,340 --> 00:11:51,209 MARTHA. [ APPLAUSE ] 92 00:11:51,209 --> 00:11:55,660 BONNIE WHITEBEAR THE DAUGHTER OF APOLLO 1 ASTRONAUT, TED WHITE 93 00:11:55,660 --> 00:12:02,610 SECOND. [ APPLAUSE ] 94 00:12:02,610 --> 00:12:16,490 VIRGIL "GUS "GRISSOM, [ APPLAUSE ] 95 00:12:16,490 --> 00:12:24,130 UNLIKE FOR ALL THE FAMILY MEMBERS HERE SUPPORTING OUR 96 00:12:24,130 --> 00:12:28,250 ASTRONAUTS THAT WE ARE HONORING HERE TODAY AS WELL AS ALL 97 00:12:28,250 --> 00:12:33,150 FAMILIES FROM ALL OF OUR ASTRONAUTS THAT WE HONOR THAT 98 00:12:33,150 --> 00:12:35,580 HAVE GIVEN THEIR LIFE AND SERVICE FOR THE COUNTRY, PLEASE 99 00:12:35,580 --> 00:12:38,470 STAND FOR EVERYBODY TO SEE. WHAT A GREAT TURNOUT WE HAVE 100 00:12:38,470 --> 00:12:53,890 HERE TODAY. [ APPLAUSE ] 101 00:12:53,890 --> 00:12:58,100 THANK YOU. YOU KNOW, WE HONORED 24 102 00:12:58,100 --> 00:13:01,450 ASTRONAUTS, TWO COLOMBIA ASTRONAUTS, APOLLO 1 AND 103 00:13:01,450 --> 00:13:03,449 NUMEROUS OTHER TRAINING ASTRONAUTS. 104 00:13:03,449 --> 00:13:10,010 I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE YOU TO FAMILY MEMBER, KAREN STEPHENSON, 105 00:13:10,010 --> 00:13:15,620 FREEDOM THOMPSON.OF STILLER FREEMAN, JIM SKOEBY ROGERS WIDOW 106 00:13:15,620 --> 00:13:23,500 OF CHALLENGER ASTRONAUT DIG SKOEBEE, JIM'S DAUGHTER, MARY 107 00:13:23,500 --> 00:13:28,030 CURTIS, ASTRONAUT CLIFTON WILLIAMS. 108 00:13:28,030 --> 00:13:41,120 PLEASE STAND. [ APPLAUSE ] 109 00:13:41,120 --> 00:13:44,030 WE WELCOME YOU IN THIS TRIBUTE, IT'S FOR YOU. 110 00:13:44,030 --> 00:13:47,360 THANK YOU FOR YOUR SACRIFICE IN THIS GREAT PURSUIT OF HUMAN 111 00:13:47,360 --> 00:13:52,199 EXPLORATION OF SPACE. WITHOUT YOU AND THE SUPPORT OF 112 00:13:52,199 --> 00:13:55,290 THE FAMILIES, THIS SHOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE OUR ASTRONAUTS 113 00:13:55,290 --> 00:13:58,680 REPEATEDLY SAY THE MOST IMPORTANT THING FOR THEM ARE 114 00:13:58,680 --> 00:14:07,780 THEIR FAMILIES. >> GOOD MORNING, MY NAME IS 115 00:14:07,780 --> 00:14:11,439 EILEEN COWAN, I'M A FORMER ASTRONAUT AND CURRENTLY THE 116 00:14:11,439 --> 00:14:13,930 CHAIRMAN OF THE ASTRONAUT MEMORIAL FOUNDATION ASSOCIATION. 117 00:14:13,930 --> 00:14:17,240 TODAY WE ARE HERE TO REMEMBER THE BRAVERYS OF THE THREE APOLLO 118 00:14:17,240 --> 00:14:20,790 1 ASTRONAUTS THAT GAVE THEIR LIVES IN SPACE EXPLORATION. 119 00:14:20,790 --> 00:14:25,690 THIS IS A RISK THAT WE WERE TAKING AND TRYING TO GET PEOPLE 120 00:14:25,690 --> 00:14:28,079 TO THE MOON. IT SHOWS THE IMPORTANCE OF WHAT 121 00:14:28,079 --> 00:14:31,440 THAT MISSION WAS AND I BELIEVE THAT MANY IN MY GENERATION 122 00:14:31,440 --> 00:14:35,209 DECIDED THAT THEY WANTED TO BE ASTRONAUTS BECAUSE OF WHAT WE 123 00:14:35,209 --> 00:14:38,429 LEARNED IN THE APOLLO PROGRAM. AND IT WAS THE ASTRONAUT'S 124 00:14:38,429 --> 00:14:43,829 FLIGHT GUS GRISSOM, ED WHITE AND ROGER CHAFEE THAT INSPIRED ME TO 125 00:14:43,829 --> 00:14:47,200 START MATH AND SCIENCE IN SCHOOL AND JOIN THE AIR FORCE TO BECOME 126 00:14:47,200 --> 00:14:50,589 A PILOT AND ESSENTIALLY APPLY TO THE ASTRONAUT PROGRAM MYSELF 127 00:14:50,589 --> 00:14:53,709 SOME DAY. THEIR DEDICATION AND BRAVERY AN 128 00:14:53,709 --> 00:15:00,909 SERVICE TO THE MISSION WILL NEVER BE FORGOTTEN. 129 00:15:00,909 --> 00:15:09,790 >> IT'S JUST LIKE ANY OTHER NATIONAL TRAGEDY, YOU CAN 130 00:15:09,790 --> 00:15:14,790 REMEMBER WHERE YOU WERE AND WHAT YOU WERE DOING AT THE TIME. 131 00:15:14,790 --> 00:15:20,339 WELL IT'S THE SAME WAY WITH THOSE MISSIONS, THOSE LAUNCHES 132 00:15:20,339 --> 00:15:24,610 AS WELL AS THOSE TRAGEDIES. IT WAS JANUARY 27th, 1967. 133 00:15:24,610 --> 00:15:31,620 THOSE TWO DAYS AT THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER MULTIPLE 134 00:15:31,620 --> 00:15:40,850 SPACECRAFT, APOLLO 1, MISSION 34 DOING A MAJOR TEST BUT STILL 135 00:15:40,850 --> 00:15:43,850 ROUTINE. THE ASTRONAUTS INVOLVED WERE GUS 136 00:15:43,850 --> 00:15:46,860 GRISSOM, ED WHITE AND ROGER CHAFEE. 137 00:15:46,860 --> 00:15:59,659 DURING THE TASK, THEY WERE IN AN ENVIRONMENT WITH 100% OXYGEN, 138 00:15:59,659 --> 00:16:05,789 SOMETHING IGNITED INSIDE THE CABIN IN THAT ENVIRONMENT, THE 139 00:16:05,789 --> 00:16:14,020 FIRE QUICKLY PROPAGATED AND BEFORE ANYBODY HAD A CHANCE TO 140 00:16:14,020 --> 00:16:19,919 ACT, THE MEN DIED AS A RESULT OF THAT FIRE. 141 00:16:19,919 --> 00:16:22,600 >> IT WAS ALL OVER IN ONE HORRIFYING SECOND. 142 00:16:22,600 --> 00:16:28,689 AS DAWN ROSE THIS MORNING, ON THE FAN CAPE CANAVERAL, IT WAS A 143 00:16:28,689 --> 00:16:31,850 TRAGEDY. >> THE SIGNIFICANCE OF APOLLO 1 144 00:16:31,850 --> 00:16:37,850 WAS TWOFOLD. IT WAS THOUGHT OUT TO EVERYBODY 145 00:16:37,850 --> 00:16:45,350 IN SOCIETY THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH ANY HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT. 146 00:16:45,350 --> 00:16:46,350 IT ALSO INDICATED THAT SIGNIFICANT CHANGES WERE NEEDED 147 00:16:46,350 --> 00:16:59,600 IN THE DESIGN OF THE STAFF AND EXPECTATIONS AT THAT TIME GIVING 148 00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:03,660 THEIR STATEMENT AT THE TIME. I THINK HISTORY SHOULD REMEMBER 149 00:17:03,660 --> 00:17:20,120 THE APOLLO 1 THEME, OUR LEADERS REALLY TOOK THE FIRST STEP AND 150 00:17:20,120 --> 00:17:21,510 PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT STEP IN GETTING US 151 00:17:21,510 --> 00:17:28,970 [ INAUDIBLE ] . 152 00:17:28,970 --> 00:17:43,889 >> [ MUSIC PLAYING ] 153 00:17:43,889 --> 00:18:00,340 [ APPLAUSE ] >> I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE ROBERT 154 00:18:00,340 --> 00:18:08,150 LIGHTFOOT AS A SPEAKER, HE IS A FORMER DIRECTOR IN HUNTSVILLE, 155 00:18:08,150 --> 00:18:14,220 ALABAMA, AN ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR IN NASA AND NOW IS 156 00:18:14,220 --> 00:18:19,880 SERVING AS THE ACTING ADMINISTRATOR OF NASA, AMERICA'S 157 00:18:19,880 --> 00:18:27,299 SPACE AGENCY. MR. LIGHTFOOT. 158 00:18:27,299 --> 00:18:32,130 [ APPLAUSE ] >> THANKS, THANKS FOR EVERYTHING 159 00:18:32,130 --> 00:18:36,030 EVERYONE BEING HERE, IT'S TRULY AN HONOR BEING HERE WITH SO MANY 160 00:18:36,030 --> 00:18:40,230 FRIEND AND FAMILY, MEMBERS OF OUR NASA TEAM. 161 00:18:40,230 --> 00:18:43,440 WE DO BELIEVE NASA IS A FAMILY AND I SPECIFICALLY WANT TO 162 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:47,030 WELCOME THE FAMILIES AND WELCOME FOR YOUR SACRIFICE IN BEING WITH 163 00:18:47,030 --> 00:18:51,900 US HERE TODAY. OUR WORK AT NASA IS SO GENERAL 164 00:18:51,900 --> 00:18:55,120 GENERATIONAL, SO INSPIRATIONAL. I THINK IT'S AWESOME WE HAVE 165 00:18:55,120 --> 00:18:59,110 KIDS HERE JOINING US TODAY. MY GENERATION STANDS ON THE 166 00:18:59,110 --> 00:19:02,350 SHOULDERS OF THESE GIANTS THEY WERE HONORING AND RECOGNIZING 167 00:19:02,350 --> 00:19:06,770 TODAY. THOSE GIANTS STARTED THIS 168 00:19:06,770 --> 00:19:09,950 BUSINESS OF US TRAVELING FURTHER INTO SPACE AND BREAKING THE 169 00:19:09,950 --> 00:19:13,510 BONDS OF GRAVITY. IT STARTED US ON THAT. 170 00:19:13,510 --> 00:19:16,980 WE GOT TO CONTINUE THAT EVEN FURTHER AND LEARN THE LESSONS 171 00:19:16,980 --> 00:19:21,610 FROM THE PAST. EVERY YEAR AT THIS TIME NASA 172 00:19:21,610 --> 00:19:26,191 REMEMBERS ALL OF OUR BRAVE FAMILY MEMBERS WHO LOST AND HAVE 173 00:19:26,191 --> 00:19:29,940 GIVEN THEIR, GIVEN EVERYTHING, THE FULL SACRIFICE TO ADVANCE 174 00:19:29,940 --> 00:19:32,870 THIS MISSION OF EXPLORATION THAT WE BELIEVE IN, THAT HUMANITY 175 00:19:32,870 --> 00:19:37,330 BELIEVES IN SO MUCH. PARTICULARLY POIGNANT YOU SEE 176 00:19:37,330 --> 00:19:42,090 THIS YEAR BECAUSE IT MARKS 50 YEARS SINCE APOLLO 1. 177 00:19:42,090 --> 00:19:43,620 WE KNOW WE WILL NEVER FORGET THEM. 178 00:19:43,620 --> 00:19:48,830 WE OH A GAIT DEBT TODAY FOR WHAT THEY TAUGHT US AND WHAT WE LEARN 179 00:19:48,830 --> 00:19:51,149 AND HOW WE GOT TO CONTINUE THE JOURNEY. 180 00:19:51,149 --> 00:19:55,460 WE ALSO WILL NEVER FORGET THE CREW MEMBERS OF CHALLENGER AND 181 00:19:55,460 --> 00:19:59,059 COLOMBIA AND OTHER MEMBERS OF OUR TEAMS THAT HAVE SACRIFICED 182 00:19:59,059 --> 00:20:03,590 ALL GETTING US TO THIS POINT AS AN AGENCY. 183 00:20:03,590 --> 00:20:06,529 AS I SAID LAST NIGHT AT A SPECIAL DINNER GOER THE APOLLO 1 184 00:20:06,529 --> 00:20:09,070 FAMILY, WE HAVE SCHOESEN A TOUGH BUSINESS. 185 00:20:09,070 --> 00:20:13,049 AN UNFORGIVING BUSINESS. BUT THE REWARD FOR THAT IS THE 186 00:20:13,049 --> 00:20:16,409 PURSUIT OF KNOWLEDGE AND ADVANCEMENT OF WHAT WE LEARN AS 187 00:20:16,409 --> 00:20:19,519 HUMAN BEINGS. IT'S WRITTEN IN OUR SOUL, IN OUR 188 00:20:19,519 --> 00:20:23,639 DNA TO CONTINUE THAT JOURNEY. AND THESE FOLKS COMMITTED 189 00:20:23,639 --> 00:20:26,330 EVERYTHING TO THAT JOURNEY AND WE SHOULD LEARN FROM THAT AND 190 00:20:26,330 --> 00:20:30,419 MAKE SURE WE DON'T REPEAT THOSE MISTAKES GOING FORWARD. 191 00:20:30,419 --> 00:20:34,570 I KNOW EVERY MEMBER OF THE NASA FAMILY HAS THE UTMOST RESPECT 192 00:20:34,570 --> 00:20:38,409 FOR THE BRAVE MEN AND WOMEN WHO HAVE SACRIFICED AND ATTEMPTED TO 193 00:20:38,409 --> 00:20:42,410 DO THIS HARD THING OF BREAKING THE BONDS OF GRAVITY MOVING 194 00:20:42,410 --> 00:20:45,080 FORWARD. EACH OF US IS KIND OF DRAWN INTO 195 00:20:45,080 --> 00:20:48,520 THIS PURSUIT. I SAID LAST NIGHT, IT'S AS MUCH 196 00:20:48,520 --> 00:20:54,100 A HOBBY AS IT IS A JOB FOR US, A PASSION, OF MAKING SURE THAT WE 197 00:20:54,100 --> 00:20:57,440 KEEP PUSHING THE ENVELOPE, KEEP PUSHING FURTHER THAT DREAM OF 198 00:20:57,440 --> 00:20:59,990 DISCOVERY. THAT DREAM OF LEARNING SOMETHING 199 00:20:59,990 --> 00:21:03,120 WE DIDN'T KNOW. THAT'S WHAT WE NEED TO KEEP 200 00:21:03,120 --> 00:21:06,950 DOING, WHERE WE CAN'T FORGIVE. WE CAN'T FORGET OUR FALLEN 201 00:21:06,950 --> 00:21:10,899 HEROES AND THEY ARE HEROES. TO THOSE OF US IN MY GENERATION 202 00:21:10,899 --> 00:21:15,309 WHO WATCHED AS THESE FOLKS PUSHED THAT ENVELOPE AND 203 00:21:15,309 --> 00:21:19,000 ULTIMATELY GOT US TO THE MOON, THAT'S WHY I'M HERE. 204 00:21:19,000 --> 00:21:22,789 THAT'S WHY MOST OF THE PEOPLE IN MY GENERATION ARE HERE. 205 00:21:22,789 --> 00:21:26,549 OUR GENERATION NOT JUST FOR THAT GENERATION, TO KEEP DOING IT. 206 00:21:26,549 --> 00:21:29,270 EVERY TIME WE DO THAT, WE NEED NOT TO FORGET WHAT WE LEARNED 207 00:21:29,270 --> 00:21:33,260 ALONG THE WAY SO WE CAN KEEP GROWING AND KEEP GOING FORWARD. 208 00:21:33,260 --> 00:21:37,480 SOME MEMORIAL AT THE END OF IT, A PLAQUE READS, REMEMBER THEM 209 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:41,429 NOT FOR HOW THEY DIED BUT FOR THOSE IDEALS FOR WHICH THEY 210 00:21:41,429 --> 00:21:44,720 LIVED. I THINK THAT'S A TREMENDOUS 211 00:21:44,720 --> 00:21:46,600 STATEMENT. I WANT EVERYONE HERE, ESPECIALLY 212 00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:50,879 THE FAMILY MEMBERS HERE WITH US TO KNOW WE REMEMBER THESE AS 213 00:21:50,879 --> 00:21:53,620 HEROES OF OUR SPACE EXPLORATION PROGRAM. 214 00:21:53,620 --> 00:21:58,490 BUT WE ALSO RECOGNIZE THESE WERE MOTHERS, FATHERS, BROTHERS, 215 00:21:58,490 --> 00:22:05,649 SISTERS, SON, DAUGHTERS AS WELL. FOR US THEY EXEMPLYFY THE SPIRIT 216 00:22:05,649 --> 00:22:07,620 THAT HELPED US GET WHERE WE ARE TODAY. 217 00:22:07,620 --> 00:22:11,039 WE WILL BUILD OFF THAT SPIRIT AS WE CONTINUE TO PUSH HUMANS 218 00:22:11,039 --> 00:22:17,549 FURTHER AND FURTHER INTO SPACE. THEY WILL NOT BE FORGOTTEN. 219 00:22:17,549 --> 00:22:21,700 GOD SPEED AND APOLLO 1, CHALLENGER, COLOMBIA, ALL 220 00:22:21,700 --> 00:22:25,269 MEMBERS OF OUR FAMILY THAT HAVE FALLEN IN THE LINE OF DUTY HERE 221 00:22:25,269 --> 00:22:31,210 AND AT NASA. THANK YOU. 222 00:22:31,210 --> 00:22:42,090 [ APPLAUSE ] >> I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE OUR KEY 223 00:22:42,090 --> 00:22:50,379 NOTE SPEAKER HERE TODAY VERY CLOSE TO OUR FAMILY MEMBER, 224 00:22:50,379 --> 00:22:58,260 MICHAEL COLLINS, HE'S A NASA ASTRONAUT THAT FLEW A LUNAR 225 00:22:58,260 --> 00:23:03,050 PILOT ON APOLLO 11, THE FIRST MAN LANDING ON THE MOON, AS HE 226 00:23:03,050 --> 00:23:08,110 WAS CIRCLING THE MOON THAT MAN BACK THERE BUZZ ALDRON WAS 227 00:23:08,110 --> 00:23:11,150 WALKING ON THE MOON. THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE, IT'S 228 00:23:11,150 --> 00:23:22,970 VERY SPECIAL YOU HAVE US HERE. [ APPLAUSE ] 229 00:23:22,970 --> 00:23:27,490 >> SO I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE APOLLO ASTRONAUT MICHAEL 230 00:23:27,490 --> 00:23:39,080 COLLINS. [ APPLAUSE ] 231 00:23:39,080 --> 00:23:48,749 >> HI, YOUR GRACIOUS TO BRING BACK SO MANY MEMORIES. 232 00:23:48,749 --> 00:23:56,809 GOOD AND BAD. AND THEN OLD FRIENDS, DEAD END 233 00:23:56,809 --> 00:24:03,749 OF LIVES, CHALLENGER COLOMBIA, TODAY WE'RE NOT HERE FOR A SPACE 234 00:24:03,749 --> 00:24:07,940 LAUNCH. NO LAUNCH THIS TIME. 235 00:24:07,940 --> 00:24:14,029 BUT JUST AS IMPORTANT TO CONTEMPLATE A LAUNCH WHICH DID 236 00:24:14,029 --> 00:24:19,480 NOT TAKE PLACE BUT WHICH IN MANY WAYS WAS AS IMPORTANT AS ANY 237 00:24:19,480 --> 00:24:23,759 WHICH FLEW LATER. WITHOUT ABOLL LO 1 AND THE 238 00:24:23,759 --> 00:24:29,539 LESSONS LEARNED FROM IT, IN ALL PROBABILITY, SUCH A FIRE WOULD 239 00:24:29,539 --> 00:24:36,190 HAVE TAKEN PLACE LATER IN FLIGHT AND NOT ONLY TO THE CREW BUT THE 240 00:24:36,190 --> 00:24:41,429 ENTIRE SPACECRAFT WOULD HAVE BEEN LOST AND NASA WITH NO 241 00:24:41,429 --> 00:24:46,210 MACHINERY TO EXAMINE COULD ONLY GUESS AT THE CAUSES AND HOW TO 242 00:24:46,210 --> 00:24:50,190 PREVENT STILL ANOTHER OCCURRENCE. 243 00:24:50,190 --> 00:24:56,920 YES, APOLLO 1 DID CAUSE THREE DEATHS, BUT I BELIEVE IT SAVED 244 00:24:56,920 --> 00:25:02,990 MORE THAN THREE LATER. IT SLOWED THINGS DOWN FOR A YEAR 245 00:25:02,990 --> 00:25:08,230 OR SO, BUT WE GAINED MORE THAN A YEAR IN TIME BECAUSE OF 246 00:25:08,230 --> 00:25:13,240 INCREASED RELIABILITY THAT PERMITTED FLIGHT SCHEDULE LATER 247 00:25:13,240 --> 00:25:18,879 ON WITHOUT IT. VERY LIKELY WE WOULD HAVE NOT 248 00:25:18,879 --> 00:25:24,380 LANDED ON THE MOON AS A PRESIDENT AND WISHED BY THE END 249 00:25:24,380 --> 00:25:31,559 OF THE DECADE. LISTEN, WHITE, CHAFEE, KENNEDY. 250 00:25:31,559 --> 00:25:35,679 I THINK THESE FOUR NAMES ARE APPROPRIATELY MENTIONED IN THE 251 00:25:35,679 --> 00:25:39,720 SAME BREATH. BUT TODAY I'D LIKE TO DESCRIBE 252 00:25:39,720 --> 00:25:44,029 WHY THEY WERE CHOSEN FOR THIS GREAT HONOR. 253 00:25:44,029 --> 00:25:49,820 THE CREW WHICH WAS GOING TO GO WAY BEYOND ANYTHING ANYONE HAD 254 00:25:49,820 --> 00:25:54,950 DONE BEFORE. OUR ASTRONAUT USED TO SAY HE 255 00:25:54,950 --> 00:25:58,940 CONSIDERED ALL CREWS TO BE THE SAME. 256 00:25:58,940 --> 00:26:02,809 I THINK HE MEANT THAT ALL WERE FULLY QUALIFIED. 257 00:26:02,809 --> 00:26:08,409 BUT BEYOND THAT, THINK ABOUT THE END OF THE GEMINI PROGRAM AND 258 00:26:08,409 --> 00:26:17,360 PUT YOURSELF IN THEIR SHOES. I MEAN, HE AND ALL OF THE NATION 259 00:26:17,360 --> 00:26:22,139 WERE LOOKING TOWARDS A WHOLE NEW DIMENSION, A LUNAR CAPABLE 260 00:26:22,139 --> 00:26:25,120 CRAFT. WHO DO YOU TRUST WITH THIS GIANT 261 00:26:25,120 --> 00:26:28,450 RESPONSIBILITY? RESPONSIBILITY OF DEVELOPING 262 00:26:28,450 --> 00:26:35,520 SUCH A CRAFT. GUS GRISSOM, GUS HAD MADE THE 263 00:26:35,520 --> 00:26:40,139 SECOND MERCURY FLIGHT AND THE FIRST GEMINI FLIGHT, SO HE WAS 264 00:26:40,139 --> 00:26:45,059 AS EXPERIENCED AS ANYONE AND HE WAS SINGLE MINDEDLY DEVOTED TO 265 00:26:45,059 --> 00:26:48,320 THE PROGRAM. BEYOND THAT, HE HAD A TALENT FOR 266 00:26:48,320 --> 00:26:51,700 ENGINEERING THAT PUT HIM AT THE TOP. 267 00:26:51,700 --> 00:26:54,669 HE WAS A GOOD TEST PILOT. SURE. 268 00:26:54,669 --> 00:26:58,429 BUT BEYOND THAT, HE HAD A FASCINATION WITH ALMOST A LOVE 269 00:26:58,429 --> 00:27:05,119 FOR THE COMPLEX NEW MACHINERY AND HE HAD TO EXAMINE CRITICALLY 270 00:27:05,119 --> 00:27:11,379 TO LEARN AND TO MASTER, IF YOU WERE LOOKING FOR GUS, TRY NIGHT 271 00:27:11,379 --> 00:27:16,490 SHIFT AT THE FACTORY. HE'D BE TLT IN THE COCKPIT. 272 00:27:16,490 --> 00:27:21,950 HE PICKED ED WHITE. I KNEW ED WHITE LONG BEFORE 273 00:27:21,950 --> 00:27:26,249 THERE WAS A SPACE PROGRAM IN THE AUTUMN OF 1948. 274 00:27:26,249 --> 00:27:32,789 GOOD GRIEF. COMING UP ON SEVEN YEARS. 275 00:27:32,789 --> 00:27:38,259 ANYWAY, I FIRST CAUGHT SIDE OF ED WHITE WHEN WE WERE A 276 00:27:38,259 --> 00:27:42,059 FRESHMAN, HE WAS PLEASED AT WEST POINT. 277 00:27:42,059 --> 00:27:44,159 WE WERE TRYING OUT FOR THE SOCCER TEAM. 278 00:27:44,159 --> 00:27:50,710 THERE WERE ABOUT 60 OF US AND A HUGE FIELD. 279 00:27:50,710 --> 00:27:54,610 DISORGANIZED PEOPLE RUNNING EVERYWHERE AND KICKING ONE 280 00:27:54,610 --> 00:27:59,690 ANOTHER. I REMEMBER A MASS OF 281 00:27:59,690 --> 00:28:06,100 NON-DESCRIPT BODIES WITH ONE RED-HAIRED STREAK WEAVING 282 00:28:06,100 --> 00:28:11,090 THROUGH THEM. FASTER AND STRONGER THAN ALL THE 283 00:28:11,090 --> 00:28:16,360 REST. ED LATER ABANDONED SOCCER FOR 284 00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:22,710 TRACK AND HE WAS ON THE ACADEMY MILE RELAY TEAM, WHICH WAS ONE 285 00:28:22,710 --> 00:28:27,409 OF THE ONES THAT WAS RANKED VERY HIGH IN THE WHOLE COUNTRY. 286 00:28:27,409 --> 00:28:32,159 ED TOOK TO THE AIR FORCE KIND OF LIKE A DUCK TO WATER, A FIGHTER 287 00:28:32,159 --> 00:28:36,950 PILOT, EXPERIMENTAL TEST PILOT. NASA'S DEGREE. 288 00:28:36,950 --> 00:28:42,330 BUT IN ADDITION TO ALL THAT ATHLETIC AND FLYING STUFF, ED 289 00:28:42,330 --> 00:28:49,320 STOOD OUT AS A OUTSPOKEN PATRIOT. 290 00:28:49,320 --> 00:28:52,809 APOLLO TO HIM WAS A MANIFESTATION OF WHAT MADE THIS 291 00:28:52,809 --> 00:28:58,139 COUNTRY GREAT. AND HE WAS HAPPY TO GET THAT 292 00:28:58,139 --> 00:29:02,710 THOUGHT ACROSS WHEREVER AND WHENEVER HE COULD. 293 00:29:02,710 --> 00:29:07,570 ONCE I WAS ON A GEMINI BACK-UP CREW WITH ED AND I FOLLOWED HIM 294 00:29:07,570 --> 00:29:10,730 IN AMAZEMENT. IF YOU WERE LOOKING FOR HIM, 295 00:29:10,730 --> 00:29:14,399 YOU'D FIND HIM OUT SOMEWHERE, CONVERTING THE DOUBTERS TO THE 296 00:29:14,399 --> 00:29:22,909 VIRTUES OF THE APOLLO PROGRAM. HE PICKED ROGER CHAFEE. 297 00:29:22,909 --> 00:29:27,039 ROGER AND I WERE SELECTED IN THE THIRD GROUP OF ASTRONAUTS IN 298 00:29:27,039 --> 00:29:30,279 1963. WE WERE CALLED BY THE PRESS THE 299 00:29:30,279 --> 00:29:37,470 APOLLO ASTRONAUTS AS OPPOSED TO THE MERCURY AND GEMINI ONES. 300 00:29:37,470 --> 00:29:41,019 AND SURE ENOUGH ROGER WAS THE FIRST IN OUR GROUP TO BE 301 00:29:41,019 --> 00:29:46,850 ASSIGNED TO AN APOLLO FLIGHT. ROGER WANTED TO FLY. 302 00:29:46,850 --> 00:29:50,320 WE ALL DID. ROGER WANTED TO FLY TO THE MOON. 303 00:29:50,320 --> 00:29:54,049 WE ALL DID. WHAT MADE ROGER DIFFERENT FROM 304 00:29:54,049 --> 00:29:58,639 ME, ANYWAY, WAS THAT THE MOON WAS NOT SIMPLY A DESTINATION FOR 305 00:29:58,639 --> 00:30:01,289 HIM. IT WAS A FASCINATING PLANET 306 00:30:01,289 --> 00:30:06,450 WHOSE ROCKS YOU WANTED TO HOLD IN HIS HAND AND WHO WANTED TO 307 00:30:06,450 --> 00:30:11,960 STUDY THE FASHION WITH THE SAME INSIGHT AND THE SAME PRECISION 308 00:30:11,960 --> 00:30:16,299 THAT A PROFESSIONAL SCIENTIST PROBABLY OR GEOLOGIST WOULD BE 309 00:30:16,299 --> 00:30:21,169 ABLE DO. IF YOU WERE LOOKING FOR ROGERS, 310 00:30:21,169 --> 00:30:26,399 HE'D BE BUYING THE MIDNIGHT OIL, A MOON ATLAS ON ONE KNEE, A 311 00:30:26,399 --> 00:30:36,249 GEOLOGY TEXTBOOK ON THE OTHER. HE PICKED GUS, ED AND ROGER. 312 00:30:36,249 --> 00:30:40,480 AS USUAL, HE KNEW WHAT HE WAS DOING. 313 00:30:40,480 --> 00:30:45,590 THANK YOU, DICK, AND TO EACH OF YOU WHO KNEW THESE THREE MEN SO 314 00:30:45,590 --> 00:30:52,909 WELL, THANK YOU FOR YOUR SACRIFICES. 315 00:30:52,909 --> 00:31:05,169 THE APOLLO CREW WAS MAGNIFICENT. [ APPLAUSE ] 316 00:31:05,169 --> 00:31:18,559 WE ARE SO BLESSED THAT WE HAVE TWO OF THE CREW OF THE APOLLO 11 317 00:31:18,559 --> 00:31:22,509 FIRST LANDING. WE WISH WE COULD HAVE JOHN GLENN 318 00:31:22,509 --> 00:31:26,669 HERE WITH US STILL. BUT THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING 319 00:31:26,669 --> 00:31:32,840 HERE, FOR BEING WITH US TODAY. >> I ALSO WANT TO INTRODUCE A 320 00:31:32,840 --> 00:31:37,710 VERY SPECIAL ASTRONAUT WHO ALSO FLEW FOR THESE VERY, VERY UNIQUE 321 00:31:37,710 --> 00:31:41,389 INDIVIDUALS. TOM STAFFORD, TOM, PLEASE STAND 322 00:31:41,389 --> 00:31:50,989 SO WE CAN RECOGNIZE YOU. [ APPLAUSE ] 323 00:31:50,989 --> 00:31:55,200 TOM FLEW BOTH GEMINI AND APOLLO. HE KNEW THESE ASTRONAUTS VERY 324 00:31:55,200 --> 00:31:57,719 WELL. THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE, TOM. 325 00:31:57,719 --> 00:32:02,150 >> I DON'T THINK A PROGRAM WOULD BE COMPLETE IF WE DO NOT HAVE A 326 00:32:02,150 --> 00:32:06,549 VERY SPECIAL GUEST, A MEMBER OF THE FAMILY OF APOLLO 1. 327 00:32:06,549 --> 00:32:12,570 JOE CHAFEE IS ON THE BOARD. HIS FORMER NASA EMPLOYEE HERE AT 328 00:32:12,570 --> 00:32:19,389 KENNEDY SPACE CENTER. WE'D LIKE YOU TO SHOW HIM SOME 329 00:32:19,389 --> 00:32:27,489 RESPECT, IF YOU WOULD. [ APPLAUSE ] 330 00:32:27,489 --> 00:32:33,659 >> GOOD MORNING. ON JANUARY 27, 1967, MY LITTLE 331 00:32:33,659 --> 00:32:38,480 8-YEAR-OLD WORLD WAS TORN APART. ON THAT EVENING, MY MOTHER HAD 332 00:32:38,480 --> 00:32:41,940 TO TELL MY BROTHER STEVEN AND ME THAT OUR DADDY WAS NEVER COMING 333 00:32:41,940 --> 00:32:46,039 HOME. I'M NOT SURE THAT I TRULY 334 00:32:46,039 --> 00:32:49,690 UNDERSTOOD THAT WHAT NEVER COMING HOME MEANS. 335 00:32:49,690 --> 00:32:53,299 MY MOTHER DID HER BEST TO EXPLAIN THAT SHE, TOO, WAS 336 00:32:53,299 --> 00:32:56,120 DEVASTATED IN TRYING TO UNDERSTAND. 337 00:32:56,120 --> 00:32:59,399 I REMEMBER HAVING DREAMS OF HIM WALKING THROUGH OUR FRONT DOOR 338 00:32:59,399 --> 00:33:04,119 WITH A BAND AID ON HIS HAND AND TELLING US HE WAS STILL ALIVE. 339 00:33:04,119 --> 00:33:07,690 I HAD THIS DREAM OVER AND OVER AGAIN. 340 00:33:07,690 --> 00:33:11,250 I COULD NOT BELIEVE THAT IT HAS BEEN SO MANY YEARS THAT I LOST 341 00:33:11,250 --> 00:33:16,759 MY FATHER ALONG WITH HIS APOLLO 1 CREW MATE, GUS AND ED. 342 00:33:16,759 --> 00:33:21,369 ON THAT JANUARY DAY THEY LOST THEIR LIVES ACROSS THE RIVER ON 343 00:33:21,369 --> 00:33:25,230 COMPLEX 34 ON CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION. 344 00:33:25,230 --> 00:33:28,419 THEIR STORY CERTAINLY DID NOT END THERE AND THEIR LEGACY LIVES 345 00:33:28,419 --> 00:33:32,019 ON TODAY. I'M SO PROUD TO BE HERE TODAY 346 00:33:32,019 --> 00:33:35,440 WITH ALL OF YOU TO PAY TRIBUTE TO MY FATHER, HIS CREW MATES AND 347 00:33:35,440 --> 00:33:39,309 THE OTHER FALLEN ASTRONAUTS MEMORIALIZED OUT IN SPACE. 348 00:33:39,309 --> 00:33:43,609 IT IS FOUGHT EASY GROWING UP WITH THEIR FATHER AND IT 349 00:33:43,609 --> 00:33:46,899 DEFINITELY WAS NOT EASY GROWING UP WITH A FATHER THAT THE WORLD 350 00:33:46,899 --> 00:33:50,960 CONSIDERED A HERO. AS A YOUNG CHILD, I DON'T THINK 351 00:33:50,960 --> 00:33:55,789 I REALLY CONSIDER MY FATHER AS A HERO, OR EVEN REALLY UNDERSTOOD 352 00:33:55,789 --> 00:33:59,600 THE IMPACT OF WHAT AN ASTRONAUT DID. 353 00:33:59,600 --> 00:34:04,369 I STRUGGLED TO UNDERSTAND WHY HE WAS GONE, WHY HE HAS HIS LIFE 354 00:34:04,369 --> 00:34:08,230 AND HOW I COULD POSSIBLY LIVE UP TO THE HERO IMAGE AND MAKE MY 355 00:34:08,230 --> 00:34:14,370 FATHER PROUD. I WAS ANGRY, SAD AND CONFUSED. 356 00:34:14,370 --> 00:34:18,159 FROM THE ASHES OF APOLLO 1 FIRE CAME HARD LESSONS THAT NASA HAD 357 00:34:18,159 --> 00:34:21,230 TO LEARN IN ORDER TO HAVE SUCCESSFUL FLIGHTS TO THE MOON 358 00:34:21,230 --> 00:34:24,619 AND FOR FURTHER EXPLORATION OF SPACE. 359 00:34:24,619 --> 00:34:27,159 THESE LESSONS LEARNED, CHANGED THE WAY NASA LOOKED AT THE 360 00:34:27,159 --> 00:34:31,680 SAFETY OF THE CREW. BECAUSE OF THE APOLLO 1 CREW THE 361 00:34:31,680 --> 00:34:36,149 GREAT CAME, DAY AND NIGHT ON THE SPACE PROGRAM AND OF THE 362 00:34:36,149 --> 00:34:38,889 FAMILIES THAT SACRIFICED THEIR LOVED ONES. 363 00:34:38,889 --> 00:34:43,330 NASA WAS ABLE TO MAKE PRESIDENT KENNEDY LAND A MAN ON THE MOON 364 00:34:43,330 --> 00:34:48,270 AND RETURN HIM SAFELY TO EARTH. WE CONTINUED OUR EXPLORATION OF 365 00:34:48,270 --> 00:34:51,560 SPACE. IN 1983, I HAD THE OPPORTUNITY 366 00:34:51,560 --> 00:34:55,800 TO JOIN THE NASA WORK FORCE HERE AT THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER. 367 00:34:55,800 --> 00:34:58,161 WALKING THE HALL, OF THE HEADQUARTERS BUILDING AND THE 368 00:34:58,161 --> 00:35:01,400 OPERATIONS AND CHECKOUT BUILDING, I KNEW I WAS WALKING 369 00:35:01,400 --> 00:35:05,820 IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF MY FATHER AND OTHER HEROES LIKE HIM. 370 00:35:05,820 --> 00:35:10,220 I WORKED FOR NASA FOR 33 YEARS AND JUST RECENTLY RETIRED. 371 00:35:10,220 --> 00:35:13,510 I WAS FORTUNATE TO MEET AND WORK WITH PEOPLE THAT WERE HERE WHEN 372 00:35:13,510 --> 00:35:18,431 THE FIRE HAPPENED, THAT KNEW MY FATHER GUS AND ED AND WOULD HAVE 373 00:35:18,431 --> 00:35:23,670 GIVEN THEIR LIVES IF THEY COULD FOR THE CREW. 374 00:35:23,670 --> 00:35:27,109 OTHERS AT WORK ON THAT COLD JANUARY DAY WHEN THE CHALLENGER 375 00:35:27,109 --> 00:35:30,700 BLEW UP AND UNDERSTOOD THE LOSS AND THE HEART BREAK THOSE 376 00:35:30,700 --> 00:35:34,470 FAMILIES WERE GOING THROUGH. I WATCHED THE TELEVISION FOR 377 00:35:34,470 --> 00:35:38,180 HOURS AFTER COLOMBIA DID NOT RETURN HOPING IT WAS JUST SOME 378 00:35:38,180 --> 00:35:41,450 MISTAKE AND IT WAS MAKING ANOTHER LAP AROUND THE EARTH TO 379 00:35:41,450 --> 00:35:44,450 LAND LATER. I FELT IS PAIN. 380 00:35:44,450 --> 00:35:48,619 OVER THE YEARS, MY PAIN AND ANGER HAVE EASED AND I HAVE 381 00:35:48,619 --> 00:35:51,690 LEARNED THAT THERE IS NOTHING I CAN DO TO CHANGE THE PAST. 382 00:35:51,690 --> 00:35:55,290 I LEARNED THAT EVEN THOUGH I WILL NEVER FORGET ALL THESE 383 00:35:55,290 --> 00:35:59,140 TRAGEDIES, I AM ABLE TO MOVE FORWARD TO BE THE GUS DAUGHTER 384 00:35:59,140 --> 00:36:04,500 MY FATHER COULD HAVE AND ALWAYS KEEP HIM ALIVE IN MY HEART. 385 00:36:04,500 --> 00:36:06,940 JUST A FEW DAYS BEFORE THE ONE-YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE 386 00:36:06,940 --> 00:36:11,859 CHALLENGER ACCIDENT, I NOTICED A FLOWER ARRANGEMENT IN THE LOBBY 387 00:36:11,859 --> 00:36:15,560 THAT WAS THERE IN MEMORY OF THE CHALLENGER CREW. 388 00:36:15,560 --> 00:36:19,950 ON A PERSONAL NOTE, IT WAS ALSO COMING UP ON THE 20th 389 00:36:19,950 --> 00:36:23,060 ANNIVERSARY OF THE APOLLO 1 FIRE. 390 00:36:23,060 --> 00:36:27,700 I THOUGHT NO ONE REMEMBERED. SO I TOOK THAT INTO MY OWN HAND 391 00:36:27,700 --> 00:36:32,460 AND I ORDERED FLOWERS IN HONOR OF APOLLO 1 AND HAD THEM PLACED 392 00:36:32,460 --> 00:36:36,830 IN THE HEADQUARTERS LOBBY NEXT TO THE CHALLENGER FLOWERS. 393 00:36:36,830 --> 00:36:40,470 AT THAT MOMENT, IT BECAME MY MISSION THAT WE NEVER FORGIVE 394 00:36:40,470 --> 00:36:45,010 THE APOLLO 1 CREW AND OUR OTHER FALLEN ASTRONAUTS. 395 00:36:45,010 --> 00:36:48,400 ON BEHALF OF ALL THE FAMILIES, I THINK THE NASA MEMORIAL 396 00:36:48,400 --> 00:36:55,200 FOUNDATION FOR ALREADY BEING HERE TODAY AND LETTING ME TELL 397 00:36:55,200 --> 00:37:13,150 YOU A LITTLE OF MY STORY. [ APPLAUSE ] 398 00:37:13,150 --> 00:37:16,470 >> YOU KNOW I THINK WE PAY TRIBUTE TO ALL THOSE AEROSPACE 399 00:37:16,470 --> 00:37:23,340 WORKERS, ENGINEERS, TECHNICIANS, THEY MADE IT REALLY POSSIBLE FOR 400 00:37:23,340 --> 00:37:26,539 AMERICANS TO BE AT THE TIP OF THE SPHERE THE TOP OF THE 401 00:37:26,539 --> 00:37:28,810 ROCKET. WE HAVE ONE HERE TODAY WHO 402 00:37:28,810 --> 00:37:32,880 ACTUALLY WAS WORKING THE DAY OF THE APOLLO ACCIDENT. 403 00:37:32,880 --> 00:37:43,479 HE'S A RETIRED ENGINEER JOHN TRIBE. 404 00:37:43,479 --> 00:37:50,609 [ APPLAUSE ] >> GOOD MORNING. 405 00:37:50,609 --> 00:37:54,731 I'M VERY HONORED AND PROUD TO BE HERE AS A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE 406 00:37:54,731 --> 00:38:00,630 APOLLO 1 TEAM THAT WORKED TO FLUSH OUT TEST 34, 50 YEARS AGO 407 00:38:00,630 --> 00:38:06,680 TOMORROW. I'D LIKE TO JUST SAY BRIEFLY HOW 408 00:38:06,680 --> 00:38:09,410 WHAT HAPPENED THAT DAY AFFECTED ME AND AFFECTED THE REST OF THE 409 00:38:09,410 --> 00:38:13,950 TEAM AS LONG AS THEY WERE INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAM AT THAT 410 00:38:13,950 --> 00:38:17,420 TIME. ON THE EVENING OF THE FIRE, I 411 00:38:17,420 --> 00:38:22,300 WAS ON THE STATION IN THE SPACECRAFT CONTROL ROOM WHEN WE 412 00:38:22,300 --> 00:38:25,299 GOT THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FIRE. 413 00:38:25,299 --> 00:38:29,131 AFTER THAT, EVERYTHING HAPPENED SO FAST THAT IT WAS A STRUGGLE 414 00:38:29,131 --> 00:38:32,430 TO COMPREHEND WHAT THAT ANNOUNCEMENT MEANT. 415 00:38:32,430 --> 00:38:35,400 IT WAS INCOMPREHENSIBLE TO US-ON-HOW ON EARTH WE COULD HAVE 416 00:38:35,400 --> 00:38:38,720 A FIRE IN THIS COCKPIT. WE SAT THERE REMOTE FROM THE 417 00:38:38,720 --> 00:38:41,500 PAST. WE WERE BEWILDERRED AND 418 00:38:41,500 --> 00:38:45,010 HELPLESS. WE HAD NO COMMUNICATIONS WITH 419 00:38:45,010 --> 00:38:48,100 ANYBODY OUT THERE. WE DID NOT KNOW WHAT HAD 420 00:38:48,100 --> 00:38:52,250 HAPPENED, WHY THIS HAPPENED OR WHAT WAS GOING ON AT THAT TIME. 421 00:38:52,250 --> 00:38:57,910 FINALLY, THE LEADER JOHN BABBOTT GOT TO OUR COMMUNICATION BOX AND 422 00:38:57,910 --> 00:39:02,720 GAVE US AN AVEILED ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION OUT THERE. 423 00:39:02,720 --> 00:39:05,450 WE HAD IMAGINED THE WORST, WE HOPED FOR THE BEST. 424 00:39:05,450 --> 00:39:09,990 IT WAS NOT TO BE. WE HAD LOST FOREVER OUR TEAM. 425 00:39:09,990 --> 00:39:13,069 IT WAS A MOMENT THAT WOULD LIVE WITH ME AND FOR THE REST OF THE 426 00:39:13,069 --> 00:39:17,020 TEAM FOREVER. AND WHILE WE SAT ISOLATED UP 427 00:39:17,020 --> 00:39:22,250 THERE IN THAT CONTROL ROOM, OUT OF TOUCH, OUT ON THE PAD, 428 00:39:22,250 --> 00:39:28,240 ITSELF, ON LEVELS A- AND A-8, WE HAD TECHNICIANS IN A FRANTIC 429 00:39:28,240 --> 00:39:32,680 COMMOTION TRYING TO DO SOMETHING TO GET THE CREW OUT OF THAT 430 00:39:32,680 --> 00:39:38,650 COCKPIT. WITHIN SECOND OF THE FIRST CALL, 431 00:39:38,650 --> 00:39:47,690 THE POLE ERUPTED ON THE INSIDE, IT THREW DEBRIS OUT ON THE 432 00:39:47,690 --> 00:39:52,170 COMMAND MODULE THAT SPREAD ACROSS THE A-8 LEVEL, BURNING 433 00:39:52,170 --> 00:39:58,470 TECHNICIANS, SETTING FIRE ON THE DESK AND THE FLAMES LIT UP THE 434 00:39:58,470 --> 00:40:02,170 SIDE OF THE COMMAND MODULE TOWARD THE LARGE ESCAPE LITTLE 435 00:40:02,170 --> 00:40:08,020 ON TOP AND THE SITUATION WAS EXTREMELY DANGEROUS. 436 00:40:08,020 --> 00:40:13,290 THOSE GUYS FOUGHT THOSE FIRES. SIX OF THEM IN PAIRS OF TWO INTO 437 00:40:13,290 --> 00:40:17,490 THE WHITE ROOM WHICH WAS FULL OF PLAQUE TOXIC SMOKE. 438 00:40:17,490 --> 00:40:20,190 THEY COULDN'T BREATHE. THEY COULDN'T SEE. 439 00:40:20,190 --> 00:40:23,500 THEY BURNED THEIR HANDS, BUT THEY FINALLY GOT THE HATCHES 440 00:40:23,500 --> 00:40:26,160 OFF. UNFORTUNATELY, IT WAS ALL IN 441 00:40:26,160 --> 00:40:30,789 VAIN. IT ALL HAPPENED SO FAST. 442 00:40:30,789 --> 00:40:34,200 THIS WAS ALL OVER IN FIVE MINUTES. 443 00:40:34,200 --> 00:40:39,500 THOSE MEN WHO FOUGHT SO HARD TO GET THE CREW OUT THAT NIGHT WERE 444 00:40:39,500 --> 00:40:44,740 GIVEN THE NASA EXTREME BRAVERY MEDAL. 445 00:40:44,740 --> 00:40:51,440 THEY WERE STEVE CLEMENS, ALBERT REESE, JERRY HAWKENS AND FRANK 446 00:40:51,440 --> 00:40:59,319 ROGERS. THEY WERE RECOGNIZED IN THE NEW 447 00:40:59,319 --> 00:41:03,079 MEMORIAL TRIBUTE WHICH IS OPENING TOMORROW MORNING OUT IN 448 00:41:03,079 --> 00:41:06,420 THE VISITOR'S CENTER T. LIVES OF EACH OF THOSE MEN WERE 449 00:41:06,420 --> 00:41:10,910 INDELLABLY CHANGED THAT NIGHT. UNFORTUNATELY, NONE OF THEM ARE 450 00:41:10,910 --> 00:41:14,760 WITH US HERE TODAY AT THIS CEREMONY, SOME OF THE MEMBERS OF 451 00:41:14,760 --> 00:41:20,420 THE FAMILIES ARE AND WE WELCOME THEM HERE TODAY. 452 00:41:20,420 --> 00:41:24,039 THE NATION MOURNED THE APOLLO LOSS AFTER THAT EVENT. 453 00:41:24,039 --> 00:41:27,730 AND THE PROGRAM SEEMED TO FALTER. 454 00:41:27,730 --> 00:41:32,319 THROUGH ALL OF US DOWN HERE, I THINK WE FELT A COLLECTIVE 455 00:41:32,319 --> 00:41:34,920 RESPONSIBILITY. THEY WERE OUR GUYS, THEY WERE A 456 00:41:34,920 --> 00:41:39,980 PART OF OUR TEAM AND WE SCREWED UP THE SCHEDULED PRESSURE AND 457 00:41:39,980 --> 00:41:45,400 THE LONG HOURS WE WERE ALL WORKING BACK THEN MADE US FOCUS 458 00:41:45,400 --> 00:41:49,280 SO MUCH ON WHAT WE WERE DOING THAT WE WEREN'T REALLY AWARE OF 459 00:41:49,280 --> 00:41:51,890 THE BIG PICTURE. WE SHOULD NEVER HAVE PUT THOSE 460 00:41:51,890 --> 00:41:55,099 THREE GUYS INTO THAT CAPSULE THAT NIGHT IN THE CONDITIONS 461 00:41:55,099 --> 00:41:58,450 THEY EXPERIENCED. WE HAVE TO DO BETTER IF THE 462 00:41:58,450 --> 00:42:02,080 PROGRAM WAS TO CONTINUE. WE IMMEDIATELY BEGAN A 463 00:42:02,080 --> 00:42:04,950 ENTHUSIASTIC SAID, OKAY, WHAT DO WE DO TO MAKE THIS A BETTER 464 00:42:04,950 --> 00:42:12,559 SPACE CRAFT AND A PROGRAM. WE HAD SPACECRAFT 12, APOLLO 1, 465 00:42:12,559 --> 00:42:16,540 WE HAD SPACECRAFT 14 SENT DOWN, THE NEXT ONE IN LINE. 466 00:42:16,540 --> 00:42:20,570 WE SYSTEMATICALLY OPENED THOSE VEHICLES, LOOKING AT EVERY 467 00:42:20,570 --> 00:42:25,670 CONCEIVABLE WAY WE COULD IMPROVE TEAR PERFORMANCE AND SAFETY. 468 00:42:25,670 --> 00:42:30,109 IT WENT ALL THE WAY FROM A TOTALLY NEW FAST OPERATING 469 00:42:30,109 --> 00:42:33,720 OUTWARD OPENING HATCH THAT WE COULD OPEN IN FIVE SECONDS, 470 00:42:33,720 --> 00:42:37,420 INSTEAD OF THE 30 SECONDS IT TOOK TO GET THE OLD HATCHES OFF. 471 00:42:37,420 --> 00:42:41,490 WE CAME UP WITH A NEW TWO GASKET SYSTEM, SO WE WOULD NOT HAVE 472 00:42:41,490 --> 00:42:47,210 100% OXYGEN ENVIRONMENT. WE COATED EVERY BARE TERMINAL 473 00:42:47,210 --> 00:42:52,330 AND WIRE IN THE VEHICLE AND MADE BETTER COVERINGS ON ALL THE 474 00:42:52,330 --> 00:42:56,619 WIRES AND WE GOT RID OF ALL THE FLAMMABLES AND CONTROLLED THEM 475 00:42:56,619 --> 00:43:01,490 VERY STRICTLY ON ACCESS INTO THE VEHICLE. 476 00:43:01,490 --> 00:43:04,320 THE SEIZURE AND SAFETY PLANS WERE TOTALLY OVERHAULED DOWN 477 00:43:04,320 --> 00:43:05,770 HERE. WE LEARNED AN AWFUL LOT FROM 478 00:43:05,770 --> 00:43:09,310 THAT EVENING. WE MADE FOR A SAFER PROGRAM. 479 00:43:09,310 --> 00:43:14,180 21 MONTHS WOULD HAVE PASSED BEFORE WE WERE READY TO FLY A 480 00:43:14,180 --> 00:43:22,510 MANNED APOLLO. THE APOLLO 7 FLEW IN OCTOBER 481 00:43:22,510 --> 00:43:31,010 1968 AND HOW IT IS TO BELIEVE JUST A FEW MONTHS LATER WE WENT 482 00:43:31,010 --> 00:43:37,789 AROUND THE MOON AND THEN IN JULY OF 1969, LESS THAN A YEAR LATER 483 00:43:37,789 --> 00:43:46,500 AFTER APOLLO MIKE, BUDS, NEIL WENT TO THE MOON AN RETURNED 484 00:43:46,500 --> 00:43:49,049 SAFELY. KENNEDY'S CHALLENGE HAD BEEN 485 00:43:49,049 --> 00:43:52,400 MET. I LOOK BACK ON THIS DRAMATIC 486 00:43:52,400 --> 00:43:58,050 PERIOD IN MY LIFE AND REALIZE THAT WHILE SOME MONTH SAY THAT 487 00:43:58,050 --> 00:44:01,540 WE GOT TO THE MOON DESPITE APOLLO 1, I'D LIKE TO SUGGEST WE 488 00:44:01,540 --> 00:44:05,549 GOT TO THE MOON BECAUSE OF APOLLO 1. 489 00:44:05,549 --> 00:44:09,960 GUS SAID IF WE DIE, WE WANT PEOPLE TO ACCEPT IT. 490 00:44:09,960 --> 00:44:14,580 CONQUEST OF SPACE IS WORTH THE RISK OF LIFE. 491 00:44:14,580 --> 00:44:20,970 THEY PAID THAT PRICE IN 1967, BUT THEY DID NOT DIE IN VAIN. 492 00:44:20,970 --> 00:44:27,680 WHAT AROSE FROM THEIR SACRIFICE MADE THE LUNAR LANDING POSSIBLE 493 00:44:27,680 --> 00:44:31,710 AND RES RECKED THIS NATION'S PRIDE AT A TIME IN OUR HISTORY 494 00:44:31,710 --> 00:44:37,559 WHEN THING WERE VERY TUMULTUOUS. I WILL NEVER FORGET THAT CREW. 495 00:44:37,559 --> 00:44:41,789 I WILL ALWAYS RECOGNIZE THEIR ULTIMATE CONTRIBUTION. 496 00:44:41,789 --> 00:45:00,470 THANK YOU, APOLLO 1. [ APPLAUSE ] 497 00:45:00,470 --> 00:45:04,309 >> THANK YOU, JOHN. THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. 498 00:45:04,309 --> 00:45:10,200 I'D LIKE TO NOW INTRODUCE A SIX TIME GRAMMY UNTIL NATED ARTIST, 499 00:45:10,200 --> 00:45:14,430 A TALENTED MUSICIAN, WITH A SPECIAL TRIBUTE HE'D LIKE TO 500 00:45:14,430 --> 00:45:17,230 OFFER. WE ARE SO PRESSED TO HAVE SUCH 501 00:45:17,230 --> 00:45:23,960 GREAT TALENTED ARTISTS, REALLY REALLY STRONG SPACE SUPPORTERS. 502 00:45:23,960 --> 00:45:27,460 BRENDAN HEATH. [ APPLAUSE ] 503 00:45:27,460 --> 00:45:36,790 . >> WE ARE HAPPY TO BE HERE 504 00:45:36,790 --> 00:45:39,900 TODAY. [ INAUDIBLE ] 505 00:45:39,900 --> 00:45:46,500 . I AM A SONGWRITER, AND I'M A BIG 506 00:45:46,500 --> 00:45:50,211 FAN IF. WHEN I WAS A KID, I REMEMBER 507 00:45:50,211 --> 00:45:55,470 SITTING ON THE END OF THE BED AS MY MOM FOLDED THE LAUNDRY ON THE 508 00:45:55,470 --> 00:46:01,809 DAY THAT THE CHALLENGER DIDN'T MAKE IT IN SPACE WHERE THEY WERE 509 00:46:01,809 --> 00:46:04,590 GOING AND SOMETHING WAS BORN IN ME THAT DAY. 510 00:46:04,590 --> 00:46:09,510 I WAS HERE LAST YEAR FOR THE DAY OF REMEMBRANCE FOR THEM AND WAS 511 00:46:09,510 --> 00:46:14,160 SO HONORED TO BE HERE. AND I SHARED A SONG LAST YEAR. 512 00:46:14,160 --> 00:46:16,490 THAT'S WHAT WE SONGWRITERS DO, WE SING. 513 00:46:16,490 --> 00:46:20,819 AND I WANT TO TELL YOU A FEW THINGS THAT ARE REALLY IMPORTANT 514 00:46:20,819 --> 00:46:25,900 TO ME AS A CIVILIAN. I'M SITTING ON AN IMPRESSIVE ROW 515 00:46:25,900 --> 00:46:28,559 OF PEOPLE THERE. I'M JUST ONE OF THE COMMONERS 516 00:46:28,559 --> 00:46:32,320 OUT THERE. AND THERE ARE SOME BRAVE MEN AND 517 00:46:32,320 --> 00:46:36,369 WOMEN IN THE ROOM THAT I JUST NEED TO SAY ON BEHALF OF ALL OF 518 00:46:36,369 --> 00:46:41,710 US, WE DESPERATELY NEED HEROES IN OUR COUNTRY. 519 00:46:41,710 --> 00:46:47,109 WE NEED PEOPLE TO INSPIRE US. AND SOME OF THE GREATEST PEOPLE, 520 00:46:47,109 --> 00:46:49,599 A PART OF MAN'S GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT ARE SITTING IN THE 521 00:46:49,599 --> 00:46:53,260 ROOM RIGHT NOW. THAT'S NO SMALL THING THAT IS 522 00:46:53,260 --> 00:46:56,859 LANDING ON ME RIGHT NOW. I'M REALLY NERVOUS. 523 00:46:56,859 --> 00:47:00,200 BUT I NEED TO SAY THAT. I HOPE I'M A GREAT MAN. 524 00:47:00,200 --> 00:47:03,349 MY GRANDDAD FOUGHT IN WORLD WAR II. 525 00:47:03,349 --> 00:47:06,079 I'M WEARING HIS WEDDING RING RIGHT NOW. 526 00:47:06,079 --> 00:47:10,849 HE LOOKED UP TO YOU GUYS. AND SO ON HIS BEHALF AND ALL THE 527 00:47:10,849 --> 00:47:13,850 REST OF US MEN AND WOMEN THAT ARE JUST LOOKING FOR PEOPLE TO 528 00:47:13,850 --> 00:47:20,410 MODEL OUR LIVES AFTER AND TO FACE FEAR IN THE FACE AND NOT TO 529 00:47:20,410 --> 00:47:24,819 BE AFRAID AND TO INNOVATE, SO ESPECIALLY FOR US TO WRITE SONGS 530 00:47:24,819 --> 00:47:30,150 AND CREATE HOPEFULLY INSPIRED FROM A MUSIC AM STANDPOINT, I 531 00:47:30,150 --> 00:47:34,119 VERY THANKFULLY BOUGHT THE TO KNOW AN APOLLO ASTRONAUT BY THE 532 00:47:34,119 --> 00:47:38,310 NAME OF GENE CERNON. I'M NOT SAYING WE WERE FISHING 533 00:47:38,310 --> 00:47:40,619 BUDDIES. WE WEREN'T BEST FRIEND. 534 00:47:40,619 --> 00:47:44,569 BUT I SPENT A FEW WEEKENDS WITH HE AND HIS WIFE JAN. 535 00:47:44,569 --> 00:47:50,831 HE INVITED ME TO COME TO THE PREMIER OF THIS MOVIE "LAST MAN 536 00:47:50,831 --> 00:47:53,640 ON THE MOON" IN NEW YORK LAST YEAR. 537 00:47:53,640 --> 00:47:57,680 ALMOST A YEAR AGO. AND I REMEMBER AFTER SEEING A 538 00:47:57,680 --> 00:48:02,800 MOVIE AND AFTER DAYS AND DAYS OF PRESS JUNKETS AND INTERVIEWS AND 539 00:48:02,800 --> 00:48:07,290 PROMOTION, WE SHARED A CAB, GOT TO HIS HOTEL AND THERE WEREN'T A 540 00:48:07,290 --> 00:48:11,240 LOT OF WORD. HE WAS EXHAUSTED. 541 00:48:11,240 --> 00:48:15,780 BUT THE TIME I DID GET TO SPEND WITH GENE WAS REALLY INSPIRING. 542 00:48:15,780 --> 00:48:19,950 AND SO HE WAS A COWBOY OF THE HIGHEST CALIBER. 543 00:48:19,950 --> 00:48:25,950 AND SO I WROTE HIM A COWBOY SONG A FEW DAYS AGO, JUST SENT HIM A 544 00:48:25,950 --> 00:48:29,859 FAREWELL. AND I'M GOING TO PLAY IT FOR YOU 545 00:48:29,859 --> 00:48:32,950 GUYS RIGHT NOW. \M SADDLE UP, COWBOY \M 546 00:48:32,950 --> 00:48:37,240 \M TAKE OFF \M \M GO FIND YOUR PEACEFUL SKY \M 547 00:48:37,240 --> 00:48:44,079 \M IT'S THE YIPEE KAYEE \M \M LIKE A LONG DAD IN LIFE \M 548 00:48:44,079 --> 00:48:48,109 \M AND I'M FEELING IT IN THE AIR \M 549 00:48:48,109 --> 00:48:52,820 \M IT'S CLEAR \M \M IT'S A LIFE SAYING GOOD-BYE \M 550 00:48:52,820 --> 00:48:56,789 \M TO THE DEEP HORIZON \M \M FASTER THAN YOU CAN GET BY \M 551 00:48:56,789 --> 00:48:58,750 [ MUSIC PLAYING ] \M THERE WILL BE STORIES \M 552 00:48:58,750 --> 00:49:19,730 \M I WANT TO HEAR AGAIN \M \M THE OTHER SIDE OF THE MOON \M 553 00:49:19,730 --> 00:49:28,049 \M WHERE MYSTERY LIVES \M \M DID YOU REALLY SEE WITH YOUR 554 00:49:28,049 --> 00:49:35,670 OWN EYES \M \M DID YOU LEAVE A PIECE OF YOUR 555 00:49:35,670 --> 00:49:37,609 HEART ON GOD'S FRONT PORCH \M \M SADDLE UP, COWBOY \M 556 00:49:37,609 --> 00:49:39,329 \M SPEAK UP COWBOY \M \M GO FIND YOUR PIECE OF THE SKY 557 00:49:39,329 --> 00:49:40,329 \M \M YIPEE KAYAY \M 558 00:49:40,329 --> 00:49:41,329 \M SADDLE UP \M [ MUSIC PLAYING ] 559 00:49:41,329 --> 00:49:57,400 \M I KNOW WE WON'T SEE \M \M THE END TONIGHT \M 560 00:49:57,400 --> 00:50:21,930 \M BUT YOU'RE OUT THERE SOMEWHERE \M 561 00:50:21,930 --> 00:50:33,279 \M RIDING ON THE REIGNS \M \M SADDLE UP COWBOY \M 562 00:50:33,279 --> 00:50:44,000 \M KICK OFF ON A HORSE \M \M GO FIND YOUR PIECE OF THE SKY 563 00:50:44,000 --> 00:50:48,180 \M \M YIP 83 KAYEE \M 564 00:50:48,180 --> 00:50:55,859 \M THROUGH THE MILKY WAY \M \M SADDLE UP COWBOY \M 565 00:50:55,859 --> 00:51:04,930 \M THAT'S MY BOY \M \M FIND YOUR PIECE IN THE DIE \M 566 00:51:04,930 --> 00:51:12,609 \M JIPPEE KAYAY \M \M THE MILLIONINGY WAY IN THE SKY 567 00:51:12,609 --> 00:51:17,499 \M \M AND FIND THOSE DAYS \M 568 00:51:17,499 --> 00:51:19,589 [ MUSIC PLAYING ] SNOOETS 569 00:51:19,589 --> 00:51:24,480 \M FOOD BYE \M \M GOOD-BYE \M 570 00:51:24,480 --> 00:51:37,459 \M\M\M >> GOOD BLESS HIM THANK YOU. 571 00:51:37,459 --> 00:51:48,829 [ APPLAUSE ] >> THAT IS THE FIRST TIME THAT 572 00:51:48,829 --> 00:51:55,319 ANYONE'S EVER WE HEARD THAT SONG AND I JUST THINK IT SHOWS YOU 573 00:51:55,319 --> 00:51:58,079 THE GREAT INSPIRATION THAT THIS MAGNIFICENT, MAGNIFICENT 574 00:51:58,079 --> 00:52:03,660 ENDEAVOR IN HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT INSPIRES IN ALL AMERICANS. 575 00:52:03,660 --> 00:52:07,150 I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE THE MAN THAT I'VE GOTTEN TO KNOW REALLY 576 00:52:07,150 --> 00:52:11,160 WELL, BOB CABANA, SENATOR DIRECTOR OF THE KENNEDY SPACE 577 00:52:11,160 --> 00:52:15,589 CENTER HAS LED THE KSC WITH SUCH INCREDIBLE GRACE AND 578 00:52:15,589 --> 00:52:20,390 INTELLIGENTLY CHALLENGING TIMES. BOB HAS BEEN AT THE PATRICK 579 00:52:20,390 --> 00:52:24,460 KENNEDY SPACE CENTER MORE THAN ANYONE ELSE. 580 00:52:24,460 --> 00:52:36,470 BOB, THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. [ APPLAUSE ] 581 00:52:36,470 --> 00:52:38,910 >> THANK YOU, THAD. THANKS, TO ALL OF YOU FOR COMING 582 00:52:38,910 --> 00:52:40,970 TODAY. PLEASE SHARE IN OUR DAY OF 583 00:52:40,970 --> 00:52:43,450 REMEMBRANCE. YOU KNOW, WE'VE TALKED ABOUT 584 00:52:43,450 --> 00:52:47,400 HEROES A LOT. I THINK THOSE OF YOU US THAT 585 00:52:47,400 --> 00:52:49,490 HAVE THE PRIVILEGE TO BE IN SPACE. 586 00:52:49,490 --> 00:52:53,310 WE DON'T SEE OURSELVES HEROES. WE ARE BLESSED TO BE CALLED WHAT 587 00:52:53,310 --> 00:52:55,790 WE LOVE TO DO. WE LOVE DOING. 588 00:52:55,790 --> 00:53:02,039 I THINK THE REAL HEROES ARE THE FAMILIES THAT HAVE ALLOWED US TO 589 00:53:02,039 --> 00:53:06,220 FULFILL OUR DREAMS, TO REACH OUR GOALS AND THE TEAM ON THE GROUND 590 00:53:06,220 --> 00:53:12,559 THAT HAS MADE IT ALL POSSIBLE. EACH YEAR AT THIS TIME, WE COME 591 00:53:12,559 --> 00:53:15,289 TOGETHER AND PAUSE TO REMEMBER THOSE THAT MADE THE ULTIMATE 592 00:53:15,289 --> 00:53:20,240 SACRIFICE IN OUR QUEST TO EXPLORE BEYOND OUR HOME PLANET. 593 00:53:20,240 --> 00:53:23,289 WE HONOR THE CREWS AND REMEMBER THE SFOOILS SMILES ON THEIR 594 00:53:23,289 --> 00:53:27,480 FACES AS THEY FULFILL THEIR LIFE LONG DREAMS. 595 00:53:27,480 --> 00:53:33,710 AND WE PAUSE TO ENFORCE THE LESSONS LEARNED SO THEY'RE NOT 596 00:53:33,710 --> 00:53:39,720 REPEATED AGAIN IN THE FUTURE. LOOKING BACK, NO ONE IN A 597 00:53:39,720 --> 00:53:45,019 POSITION OF AUTHORITY EVER MADE A DECISION THAT THEY THOUGHT 598 00:53:45,019 --> 00:53:49,660 WOULD PUT A CREW AT RISK. WHAT WAS INTERESTING ABOUT A 599 00:53:49,660 --> 00:53:54,089 GROUND AT THE PAD, WHY WAS IT TOO COLD TO LAUNCH? 600 00:53:54,089 --> 00:53:57,910 WE SEEN IT SIT ON THE ORANGE BEFORE, NOTHING HAPPENED. 601 00:53:57,910 --> 00:54:01,760 YES, FOAM CAME OFF THE TANK? WE'VE HAD FOAM COME OFF THE TANK 602 00:54:01,760 --> 00:54:04,970 BEFORE. IT NEVER DID CRITICAL DAMAGE. 603 00:54:04,970 --> 00:54:12,049 IN 1967, I WAS IN HIGH SCHOOL IN MINNESOTA AND I WAS TOO FAR 604 00:54:12,049 --> 00:54:16,460 REMOVED FROM APOLLO 1 TO REALLY BE IMPACTED BY IT. 605 00:54:16,460 --> 00:54:21,289 IN 1986, I WAS AN ASTRONAUT CANDIDATE IN A SIMULATOR TRAINED 606 00:54:21,289 --> 00:54:26,970 TO FLY IN SPACE AND ALSO I KNEW THE CREW AND WAS GREATLY 607 00:54:26,970 --> 00:54:31,579 IMPACTED BY THEIR LOSS. SOME WERE MY FRIEND, HAVING JUST 608 00:54:31,579 --> 00:54:36,140 COME FROM TAX RIVER AND FLIGHT TESTS WHERE AIRCRAFT AND LIVES 609 00:54:36,140 --> 00:54:41,380 WERE LOST, I SEND IT AS A PART OF THE BUSINESS. 610 00:54:41,380 --> 00:54:46,690 IN 2003, I WAS OUT AT MID-FIELD AT THE SHUTTLE LANDING FACILITY 611 00:54:46,690 --> 00:54:51,660 WAITING FOR THE CREW TO RETURN. AND IT FEM ON ME TO TELL THEIR 612 00:54:51,660 --> 00:54:55,410 FAMILIES THEIR LOVED ONES WEREN'T COMING HOME AND I WAS 613 00:54:55,410 --> 00:54:58,380 CRUSHED. I DON'T EVER WANT TO BE IN THAT 614 00:54:58,380 --> 00:55:03,549 POSITION AGAIN. IT'S SO IMPORTANT THAT WE LEARN 615 00:55:03,549 --> 00:55:07,430 FROM THE PAST AND CREATE AN ENVIRONMENT WITH ALL OPINIONS 616 00:55:07,430 --> 00:55:11,339 ARE WE HEARD AND DISCUSSED, WHERE EVERYONE FEELS FREE TO 617 00:55:11,339 --> 00:55:15,650 VOICE THEIR CONCERNS, WHERE EVERYONE IS LISTENED TO AND ALL 618 00:55:15,650 --> 00:55:20,000 DATA IS BROUGHT FORWARD SO THAT AN INFORMED DECISION CAN BE 619 00:55:20,000 --> 00:55:24,060 MADE. CREATING AND MAINTAIN 620 00:55:24,060 --> 00:55:28,880 AGRICULTURE OF TRUST AND OPENNESS IS THE GREATEST LESSEN 621 00:55:28,880 --> 00:55:33,510 WE CAN LEARN FROM THE PAST AND IT'S CRITICAL TO OUR FUTURE 622 00:55:33,510 --> 00:55:38,990 SUCCESS AND THE SUCCESS OF OUR COMMERCIAL PARTNERS. 623 00:55:38,990 --> 00:55:43,109 THIS YEAR MARKS THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF THE APOLLO 1 624 00:55:43,109 --> 00:55:45,319 FIGHTER. WE'VE GONE TOO LONG WITHOUT A 625 00:55:45,319 --> 00:55:52,530 MEMORIAL FOR CREW. JUST AS WE HONORED THE CREW OF 626 00:55:52,530 --> 00:55:58,720 CHALLENGER FOREVER REMEMBERED AT THE ATLANTA FACILITY IF 627 00:55:58,720 --> 00:56:03,119 COOPERATION WITH FAMILIES OF THE APOLLO 1 CREW, WE'RE OPENING A 628 00:56:03,119 --> 00:56:12,230 NEW CREW TOMORROW TO HONOR THEM. ED ASTRA, ED SPEARA, A ROUGH 629 00:56:12,230 --> 00:56:17,640 ROAD LEADS TO THE STARS. IT'S A FITTING TRIBUTE TO THE 630 00:56:17,640 --> 00:56:23,089 APOLLO 1 CREW, THOSE THAT TRIED TO SAVE THEM AND THOSE THAT TOOK 631 00:56:23,089 --> 00:56:28,150 US ONTO THE MOON. SO AS WE PAUSE TODAY TO REMEMBER 632 00:56:28,150 --> 00:56:32,789 ALL THE HEROES WE HAVE LOST, LET US REDEDICATE OURSELVES TO 633 00:56:32,789 --> 00:56:36,421 CREATING A CULTURE THAT ENCOURAGES EVERYONE TO BE WE 634 00:56:36,421 --> 00:56:41,519 HEARD AND SEEKS TO EVALUATE ALL THE DATA IN THE DECISIONS WE 635 00:56:41,519 --> 00:56:46,470 MAKE THAT ONE DAY TAKE US TO MARS AND BEYOND. 636 00:56:46,470 --> 00:56:58,980 THANK YOU. [ APPLAUSE ] 637 00:56:58,980 --> 00:57:02,329 >> THANK YOU, MR. CABANA. I'D LIKE TO JUST SHARE A FEW 638 00:57:02,329 --> 00:57:04,539 THOUGHTS. I KNOW I WAS HERE ON MERRITT 639 00:57:04,539 --> 00:57:08,760 ISLAND WHEN WE SAW THE SPACE SHUTTLE CHALLENGER EXPLODE. 640 00:57:08,760 --> 00:57:11,161 I'VE NEVER EXPERIENCED ANYTHING LIKE IT. 641 00:57:11,161 --> 00:57:13,279 I NEVER EXPERIENCED SUCH COLLECTIVE GRIEF. 642 00:57:13,279 --> 00:57:18,110 I NEVER EXPERIENCED THE UNITY OF THE HUMAN SPIRIT IN THE WAY 643 00:57:18,110 --> 00:57:21,869 PEOPLE CAME TOGETHER AFTER THAT TRAGIC EVENT. 644 00:57:21,869 --> 00:57:26,700 AND WE REALIZED SUDDENLY WE HAD NO PLACE TO MOURN OR MEMORIALIZE 645 00:57:26,700 --> 00:57:29,920 OUR ASTRONAUT. NO PLACE TO GO AND I REMEMBER, 646 00:57:29,920 --> 00:57:34,920 THERE WAS EITHER, EVERYONE, THOUSANDS WENT OUT TO THE 647 00:57:34,920 --> 00:57:38,400 BEACHES AND SHINED A FLASHLIGHT ON THE OCEAN. 648 00:57:38,400 --> 00:57:41,790 WE WANTED TO BE TOGETHER. WE WANTED TO REMEMBER. 649 00:57:41,790 --> 00:57:47,170 OUR FOUNDER HAD A VISION, LET'S BUILD A MEMORIAL, NOT JUST A 650 00:57:47,170 --> 00:57:50,970 MEMORIAL OF STEEL AND GRANITE, LET'S BUILD A LIVING MEMORIAL, 651 00:57:50,970 --> 00:57:54,930 SO WE CAN INSPIRE FUTURE GENERATIONS OF ROCKET 652 00:57:54,930 --> 00:57:58,560 SCIENCETISTS, ASTRONAUTS, SO WE CAN REMEMBER THOSE VERY, VERY 653 00:57:58,560 --> 00:58:01,769 SPECIAL AMERICANS THAT FLU. REMEMBER THOSE ENGINEERS AND 654 00:58:01,769 --> 00:58:05,390 SCIENTISTS THAT MADE THAT HAPPEN AND ESPECIALLY REMEMBER AND 655 00:58:05,390 --> 00:58:11,000 SUPPORT THE FAMILIES THAT HAVE REALLY, REALLY SUFFERED THE MOST 656 00:58:11,000 --> 00:58:16,130 AND PAID THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE. SO WE HAD THE IDEA OF A SPECIAL 657 00:58:16,130 --> 00:58:19,680 LICENSE TAG, THE ONLY ONE, FIRST ONE IN THE COUNTRY, VIRTUALLY 658 00:58:19,680 --> 00:58:23,519 EVERYTHING WE DO FROM OUR CLASSES, FROM A MEMORIAL TO THIS 659 00:58:23,519 --> 00:58:28,089 FACILITY IS MADE POSSIBLE BY THOSE 20,000 OR SO FLORIDIANS 660 00:58:28,089 --> 00:58:33,049 WHO PURCHASED THAT LICENSE TAG. SO MANY OF THOSE WERE AMERICA'S 661 00:58:33,049 --> 00:58:36,019 GREATEST GENERATIONS. WE ARE LOSING THEM. 662 00:58:36,019 --> 00:58:40,220 WE NEED A WHOLE ANOTHER GENERATION TO INSPIRE OUR FUTURE 663 00:58:40,220 --> 00:58:41,930 ROCKET SCIENTISTS. SO FEW HAVEN'T HAD THAT 664 00:58:41,930 --> 00:58:45,630 OPPORTUNITY TO PURCHASE THAT LICENSE TAG, PLEASE CONSIDER IT. 665 00:58:45,630 --> 00:58:48,230 THAT'S GOING TO HELP US TO CONTINUE TO DO PROGRAMS LIKE 666 00:58:48,230 --> 00:58:51,410 THIS AND TO CONTINUE TO EDUCATE OUR YOUTH. 667 00:58:51,410 --> 00:58:57,420 I'D LIKE TO REINTRODUCE CHARLIE DUKE. 668 00:58:57,420 --> 00:59:11,500 LAUZ [ APPLAUSE ] >> IT IS MY PRIVILEGE TO READ 669 00:59:11,500 --> 00:59:19,920 THE NAMES OF EACH OF THE 24 ASTRONAUTS THAT WE HONOR TODAY. 670 00:59:19,920 --> 00:59:23,809 WE'LL FOLLOW THAT BY A MOMENT OF SILENCE. 671 00:59:23,809 --> 00:59:28,710 . THEODORE C. FREEMAN. 672 00:59:28,710 --> 00:59:41,290 CHARLOTTE A. BAPTIST, II. ELLIOT M.C., JR. CLIFTON C. 673 00:59:41,290 --> 00:59:49,450 WILLIAMS, JR. VIRGIL "GUS" GRISSOM. 674 00:59:49,450 --> 00:59:58,369 EDWARD H. WHITE, II. ROGER B. CHAFEE. 675 00:59:58,369 --> 01:00:11,819 MICHAEL J. ADAMS. ROBERT H. LAWRENCE, JR. FRANCES 676 01:00:11,819 --> 01:00:18,240 "DICK" SCOBY. MICHAEL J. SMITH. 677 01:00:18,240 --> 01:00:30,109 JUDITH A. RESNIK. ALLISON S.BONAZUKA. 678 01:00:30,109 --> 01:00:37,960 RONALD E. McMANN. GREGORY B. JARVIS. 679 01:00:37,960 --> 01:00:47,820 CHRISTA McAULIFFE. MADELEINE L. "SONNY" CARTER, JR. 680 01:00:47,820 --> 01:00:56,630 RICK D. --. WILLIAM C. McCOOL. 681 01:00:56,630 --> 01:01:13,670 MICHAEL P. ANDERSON. DAVID M. BROWN LAUREL CLARK. 682 01:01:13,670 --> 01:01:34,339 AND ELI RAMONE. THANK YOU. 683 01:01:34,339 --> 01:01:44,160 [ APPLAUSE ] THAT CONCLUDE PROGRAM HERE AT 684 01:01:44,160 --> 01:01:47,750 OUR FACILITY. WE WILL FOLLOW THIS WITH A 685 01:01:47,750 --> 01:01:52,001 LAYING OF A WREATH, WEATHER PERMITTING, AT THE ASTRONAUT 686 01:01:52,001 --> 01:01:54,940 MEMORIAL THAT YOU JUST SAW FROM THE SCREEN. 687 01:01:54,940 --> 01:02:04,210 I'D LIKE TO ASK OUR ASTRONAUTS, OUR APOLLO ASTRONAUTS TO FIRST 688 01:02:04,210 --> 01:02:08,450 BEGIN TO WALK OUT THERE AS WELL AS OUR FAMILY MEMBERS, SO WE CAN 689 01:02:08,450 --> 01:02:13,839 HAVE OUR FAMILY MEMBERS AND OUR ASTRONAUTS AND OUR CURRENT 690 01:02:13,839 --> 01:02:16,550 ASTRONAUT CORE TO BEGIN PROCEEDING OUT THERE. 691 01:02:16,550 --> 01:02:20,619 THERE WILL BE FOLKS HELPING YOU WALK OUT AND ANYONE WHO MAY NEED 692 01:02:20,619 --> 01:02:25,910 A RIDE, WE HAVE PEOPLE TO HELP THEM OUT THERE. 693 01:02:25,910 --> 01:02:45,049 WE WILL LET THEM DEPART FIRST. >> THE NASA FOUNDATION THE 694 01:02:45,049 --> 01:02:49,799 MEMORIAL THAT WAS BUILT NEAR THE SPACE CENTER WITH THE CHALLENGER 695 01:02:49,799 --> 01:02:55,100 COLOMBIA LICENSE TAG IS A 42-FOOT-TALL, 50 WATT, 50-FOOT 696 01:02:55,100 --> 01:03:00,380 WIDE GRANITE STRUCTURE AND ON IT, IT HAS ENGRAVED THE NAMES OF 697 01:03:00,380 --> 01:03:06,819 ALL THOSE WHO DIED IN DUTY AS U.S. ASTRONAUTS. 698 01:03:06,819 --> 01:03:11,259 THE NAMES ARE CUT THROUGH THE GRANITE AND THE LIGHT PENETRATES